Radiculopathy is caused by a pinched nerve in your spine. More specifically, it happens when one of your nerve roots (where your nerves join your spinal column) is compressed or irritated. You might see it referred to as radiculitis.
Radiculopathy as one of three types:
- Cervical radiculopathy (neck).
- Thoracic radiculopathy (upper middle back).
- Lumbar radiculopathy (low back).
Symptoms of radiculopathy:
- Tingling or numbness in the fingers or hand
- Weakness in arm, shoulder or hand
- Decreased motor skills
- Loss of sensation
- Pain associated with neck movement or straining
Diagnosis of Radiculopathy
- For numbness or loss of feeling
- Your muscle reflexes
- Your muscle strength
- Your posture, or the way your spine curves
Other diagnostic tests your doctor may recommend include:
X-rays to show the alignment of the bones along your neck and determine any narrowing or damage to the discs.
Spine MRI or Spine CT scan to identify bone spurs and bulging or herniated discs pressing on the nerve roots or spinal cord.
Electromyogram to determine the exact nerve root that is involved.
Treatment
Radiculopathy treatment will depend on the location and the cause of the condition as well as many other factors. Nonsurgical treatment is typically recommended first and may include:
- Medications, like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioid medicines or muscle relaxants, to manage the symptoms
- Weight loss strategies to reduce pressure on the problem area
- Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles and prevent further damage
- Steroid injections to reduce inflammation and relieve pain
Some people may need more advanced treatments, such as surgery. Surgery is typically used to reduce the pressure on the nerve root by widening the space where the nerve roots exit the spine. This may involve removing all or parts of a disc and/or vertebrae. Cervical posterior foraminotomy is one of the minimally invasive spine surgery options available.